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Oriya

Oriya is one of the Indian languages mainly spoken in the Indian state of Orissa, though there are also significant Oriya-speaking populations in other linguistic regions, such as the Midnapore District of West Bengal, the Saraikela Kharsawan District of Jharkhand and the Srikakulam District of Andra Pradesh. Due to the increasing migration of labour, the west Indian state of Gujarat also has a significant Oriya speaking population with Surat being the second largest Oriya speaking city in India. The language is also an official language of India.The major Oriya dilects are Midnapuri Oriya(spoken in the Medinipur District of West Bengal),Balasori Oriya,Ganjami Oriya,Desiya Oriya(spoken in the Koraput Dist. of Orissa & in the hilly regions of Vishakhapatnam,Vizianagaram Dist. of Andhra Pradesh,Halbi,Bhatri), Sambalpuri Oriya, Kalahandi Oriya and Singhbhum Oriya. Chatishgarhi of Chhatishgarh, and Nagpuri or Sadri languages are also treated as dilects of Oriya language.

Oriya is written with the Oriya script. There's a book written by an eminent linguist professor Dr. Kunja Bihari Tripathi titled "The evolution of Oriya language and script". Prof.Golak Bihari Dhall has also made significant contribution towards the understanding of Oriya language's development.

History

The history of the Oriya language is divided into Old Oriya (10th century-1300), Early Middle Oriya (1300-1500), Middle Oriya (1500-1700), Late Middle Oriya (1700-1850) and Modern Oriya (1850 till present day). Oriya is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Aryan language family. It is thought to be directly descended from the Prakrit known as Purva Magadhi that was spoken in eastern India over 1,500 years ago. It bears a very strong resemblance to the modern languages Bangla (Bengali), Maithili, and Ôxômiya (Assamese). Of all the languages spoken in northern India, Oriya appears to be the least influenced by Persian language. The earliest use of prose can be found in the Madala Panji or the Palm-leaf Chronicles of the Jagannatha temple at Puri, which date back to the 12th century.

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